The Services Pour Animaux Magazine: Understanding Your Pet

ANIMAL NUTRITIONIST: TIPS FOR NUTRITIONING DOGS, CATS, SMALL PETS, AND HORSES!

Nutrition is the primary driver of health for dogs, cats, small pets, and horses. However, between marketing trends and debates about BARF (Biologically Appropriate Raw Food), homemade diets, and grain-free kibble, it's easy to get lost. An unbalanced diet can lead to conditions such as obesity, diabetes, urinary stones, or serious deficiencies.

ServicesPourAnimaux explains why consulting an animal nutritionist or a veterinary nutritionist is the most cost-effective investment for your pet's longevity.

Why consult an animal nutrition specialist?

Contrary to popular belief, nutrition isn't just about quantity but also about the bioavailability of nutrients. Each species, each breed, and each individual has specific needs depending on their age, activity level, and health status.

1. For dogs and cats:

The animal nutritionist doesn't just choose a brand; they analyze several parameters, namely:

_ Calculating energy requirements (ER): Essential to prevent weight gain.

_ The protein/fat/carbohydrate balance: Crucial for domestic carnivores.

_ Formulating homemade diets: If you cook for your pet, the professional calculates the essential vitamin and mineral supplement (VMS) to prevent calcium and trace element deficiencies.

2. For Exotic Pets:

For rabbits, guinea pigs, and other rodents, a dietary mistake is often fatal.

_ Rabbits: The critical importance of quality hay and managing calcium intake to prevent kidney stones.

_ Birds and reptiles: Extremely complex needs for specific vitamins and minerals depending on the species' geographic origin.

3. For horses:

Equine nutrition is a precision science where the balance between fiber and concentrates is vital to prevent colic and gastric ulcers.

_ Hay analysis: Understanding the nutritional value of grass and hay.

_ Exercise management: Adapting energy intake depending on whether the horse is at rest, at a riding club, or competing at a high level.

What are the key terms in animal nutrition to know?

_ Homemade ration: A meal prepared at home, specifically balanced by a professional animal nutritionist or veterinary nutritionist.

_ BARF/RAW: A diet based on raw meat and meaty bones that requires strict monitoring.

_ Energy Requirement (ER): The number of calories needed per day, expressed in kcal.

_ Ash Content: An indicator of the mineral content in commercial pet food.

_ Glycemic Index: Important for managing diabetes and weight gain.

What happens during an animal nutrition consultation?

An animal nutritionist or veterinary nutritionist typically follows three steps:

Step 1: Complete History: Medical history, lifestyle, known allergies, and analysis of the current diet.

Step 2: Calculation of Requirements: Using mathematical tools to determine the ideal ration.

Step 3: Monitoring and Adjustment: A dietary transition doesn't happen overnight; the animal nutrition professional will work with you over several weeks to observe digestion and overall health (coat, stools, energy levels).

Beware of online recipes: A recipe found on a forum is never suitable for your pet. A deficiency can take months to become apparent, but the damage, particularly to bones or kidneys, is often irreversible. Only a professional assessment by an animal nutritionist or a veterinary nutritionist can guarantee the safety of your pet's food.

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Available throughout France:

Paris, Marseille, Lyon, Toulon, Nice, 

St Tropez, Cannes, Bastia, Ajaccio, 

Bonifacio, Porto-Vecchio, Calvi, Aix-en-Provence, Arles, Sète, Montpellier, 

Perpignan, Carcassonne, Nîmes, 

Bayonne, Biarritz, Bordeaux, 

Angoulême, Royan, La Rochelle, Poitiers, Clermont-Ferrand, Bourges, Nantes, La Baule, Angers, Le Mans, Laval, Rennes, Guingamp, St Brieuc, Brest, Lorient, Vannes, St Malo, Granville, Caen, Rouen, Le Havre, Lille, Arras, Dijon, Amiens, 

Auxerre, Reims, Versailles, 

Fontainebleau, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Boulogne-Billancourt, Nanterre, Saint-Cloud, Meudon, Issy-les-Moulineaux, Clamart, Courbevoie, Levallois-Perret, Saint-Ouen, Argenteuil, Sartrouville, Maisons-Laffitte, Chatou, Rueil-Malmaison, La Celle-Saint-Cloud, Viroflay, Marly-le-Roi, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Chambourcy, Poissy, Orgeval, Saint-Cyr-l'Ecole, Bois-d'Arcy, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, Villepreux, Elancourt, Plaisir, Maurepas, La Verrière, Coignières, Le Mesnil-Saint-Denis, Dampierre-en-Yvelines, Senilisse, Les Essarts-le-Roi, Le Perray-en-Yvelines, Rambouillet, Clairefontaine-en-Yvelines, Saint-Arnoult-en-Yvelines, Rochefort-en-Yvelines, Dourdan, Marcoussis, Janvry, Les Ulis, Orsay, Gif-sur-Yvette, Palaiseau, Massy, Antony, Montrouge, Paris Orly, Aéoroport Charles de Gaulle, Athis-Mons, Savigny-sur-Orge, Viry-Châtillon, Evry-Courcouronnes, Corbeil-Essonnes, Lieusaint, Savigny-le-Temple, Cesson, Melun, Vaux-le-Vicomte, Dammarie-les-Lys, Brie-Comte-Robert, Créteil, Vitry-sur-Seine, Ivry-sur-Seine, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, Noisy-le-Grand, Montreuil, Bobigny, Bondy, Aulnay-sous-Bois, Livry-Gargan, Villepinte, Tremblay-en-France, Villeparisis, Chelles, Torcy, Bussy-Saint-Georges, Lagny-sur-Marne, Chessy, Coupvray, Serris, Meaux, Gonesse, Sarcelles, Goussainville, Taverny, Franconville, Herblay, Argenteuil, Cergy, Pontoise, Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône, Osny, Saint-Denis, Vincennes, Villejuif,   Strasbourg, Metz, Colmar, Nancy, Besançon, Troyes, Auxerre, Beauvais, Saint-Quentin, Soissons, Compiègne, Château-Thierry, Epernay, Châlons-en-Champagne, Saint-Dizier, Bar-le-Duc, Verdun, Chaumont, Vesoul, Belfort, Montbéliard, Pontarlier, Sarrebourg, Lunéville, Thionville, Charleville-Mézières, Maubeuge, Roubaix, Dunkerque, Calais, Berck, Abbeville, Dieppe, Evreux, Dreux, Chartres, Lisieux, Alençon, Bayeux, Mayenne, Saint-Lô, Granville, Le Mont-Saint-Michel, Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, Coutances, Saint-Malo, Dinan, Ploërmel, Châteaubriant, Saint-Nazaire, Guérande, Concarneau, Quimper, Quimperlé, Guidel, Quiberon, La Trinité-sur-Mer, Carnac, Crozon, Douarnenez, Landerneau, Morlaix, Lannion, Paimpol, Saint-Brieuc, Pontivy, Loudéac, Erquy, Vitré, Rochefort, Saintes, La Rochelle, La Roche-sur-Yon, Limoges, Tours, Niort, Les Sables-d'Olonne, Saint-Jean-de-Monts, Bourges, Orléans, Blois, Cognac, Royan, Vaux-sur-Mer, Saint-Palais-sur-Mer, Saint-Georges-de-Didonne, Soulac-sur-Mer, Libourne, Arcachon, Biscarrosse, Mimizan, Marmande, Mont-de-Marsan, Orthez, Dax, Saint-Jean-de-Luz, Pau, Lourdes, Tarbes, Muret, Montauban, Gaillac, Moissac, Castres, Toulouse, Cahors, Périgueux, Brive-la-Gaillarde, Aurillac, Rodez, Figeac, Albi, Tulle, Vichy, Thiers, Roanne, Montbrison, Vénissieux, Vienne, Saint-Priest, Villeurbanne, Mâcon, Saint-Etienne, Romans-sur-Isère, Valence, Montélimar, Orange, Avignon, Carpentras, Cavaillon, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, Nîmes, Arles, Montpellier, Le Grau-du-Roi, Sète, Béziers, Agde, Perpignan, Argelès-sur-Mer, Narbonne, Carcassonne, Salon-de-Provence, Martigues, Cassis, La Ciotat, Manosque, Hyères, Saint-Tropez, Sainte-Maxime, Ramatuelle, Cogolin, Grimaud, Brignoles, Le Pradet, Six-Fours-les-Plages, Sanary-sur-Mer, La Valette-du-Var, La Garde, Carnoules, Pierrefeu-du-Var, Saint-Raphaël, Fréjus, Le Muy, La Motte, Draguignan, Trans-en-Provence, Le Cannet, Antibes, Saint-Laurent-du-Var, Monaco, Menton, Cap-d'Ail, Beausoleil, Monte-Carlo, Cagnes-sur-Mer, Grasse, Fayence, Grenoble, Gap, Digne-les-Bains, Sisteron, Voiron, Chambéry, Albertville, Aix-les-Bains, Annecy, Villeurbanne, St Etienne, Foix, Guéret,

01 - Ain - Bourg-en-bresse - 02 - Aisne - Laon - 03 - Allier - Moulins - 04 - Alpes-de-Haute-Provence - Digne-les-bains - 05 - Hautes-alpes - Gap -06 - Alpes-maritimes - Nice - 07 - Ardèche - Privas - 08 - Ardennes - Charleville-mézières - 09 - Ariège - Foix - 10 - Aube - Troyes - 11 - Aude - Carcassonne - 12 - Aveyron - Rodez - 13 - Bouches-du-Rhône - Marseille - 14 - Calvados - Caen - 15 - Cantal - Aurillac - 16 - Charente - Angoulême - 17 - Charente-maritime - La rochelle - 18 - Cher - Bourges - 19 - Corrèze - Tulle - 2A - Corse-du-sud - Ajaccio - 2B - Haute-Corse - Bastia - 21 - Côte-d'Or - Dijon - 22 - Côtes-d'Armor - Saint-brieuc - 23 - Creuse - Guéret - 24 - Dordogne - Périgueux - 25 - Doubs - Besançon - 26 - Drôme - Valence - 27 - Eure - Évreux - 28 - Eure-et-loir - Chartres - 29 - Finistère - Quimper - 30 - Gard - Nîmes - 31 - Haute-garonne - Toulouse - 32 - Gers - Auch - 33 - Gironde - Bordeaux - 34 - Hérault - Montpellier - 35 - Ille-et-vilaine - Rennes - 36 - Indre - Châteauroux - 37 - Indre-et-loire - Tours - 38 - Isère - Grenoble - 39 - Jura - Lons-le-saunier - 40 - Landes - Mont-de-marsan - 41 - Loir-et-cher - Blois - 42 - Loire - Saint-étienne - 43 - Haute-loire - Le puy-en-velay - 44 - Loire-atlantique - Nantes - 45 - Loiret - Orléans - 46 - Lot - Cahors - 47 - Lot-et-garonne - Agen - 48 - Lozère - Mende - 49 - Maine-et-loire - Angers - 50 - Manche - Saint-lô - 51 - Marne - Châlons-en-champagne - 52 - Haute-marne - Chaumont - 53 - Mayenne - Laval - 54 - Meurthe-et-moselle - Nancy - 55 - Meuse - Bar-le-duc - 56 - Morbihan - Vannes - 57 - Moselle - Metz - 58 - Nièvre - Nevers - 59 - Nord - Lille - 60 - Oise - Beauvais - 61 - Orne - Alençon - 62 - Pas-de-calais - Arras - 63 - Puy-de-dôme - Clermont-ferrand - 64 - Pyrénées-atlantiques - Pau - 65 - Hautes-Pyrénées - Tarbes - 66 - Pyrénées-orientales - Perpignan - 67 - Bas-rhin - Strasbourg - 68 - Haut-rhin - Colmar - 69 - Rhône - Lyon - 70 - Haute-saône - Vesoul - 71 - Saône-et-loire - Mâcon - 72 - Sarthe - Le mans - 73 - Savoie - Chambéry - 74 - Haute-savoie - Annecy - 75 - Paris - Paris - 76 - Seine-maritime - Rouen - 77 - Seine-et-marne - Melun - 78 - Yvelines - Versailles - 79 - Deux-sèvres - Niort - 80 - Somme - Amiens - 81 - Tarn - Albi - 82 - Tarn-et-Garonne - Montauban - 83 - Var - Toulon - 84 - Vaucluse - Avignon - 85 - Vendée - La roche-sur-yon - 86 - Vienne - Poitiers - 87 - Haute-vienne - Limoges - 88 - Vosges - Épinal - 89 - Yonne - Auxerre - 90 - Territoire de belfort - Belfort - 91 - Essonne - Évry - 92 - Hauts-de-seine - Nanterre - 93 - Seine-Saint-Denis - Bobigny - 94 - Val-de-marne - Créteil - 95 - Val-d'Oise - Cergy Pontoise - 971 - Guadeloupe - Basse-terre - 972 - Martinique - Fort-de-france - 973 - Guyane - Cayenne - 974 - La réunion - Saint-denis - 976 - Mayotte - Mamoudzou

Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Bretagne, Centre-Val de Loire, Corse, Grand Est, Hauts-de-France, Île-de-France, Normandie, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Occitanie, Pays de la Loire, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

FIREWORKS & FIRES: HOW TO PROTECT YOUR PET FROM STRESSFUL DISTURBANCES?

As the New Year's Eve festivities approach, the joy of fireworks and firecrackers often turns into a nightmare for our four-legged companions. With hearing far more acute than ours, dogs, cats, and horses perceive these explosions as a deadly threat. Every year, veterinarians observe numerous escapes and stress-related heart attacks.

ServicesPourAnimaux offers you a survival guide for a peaceful New Year's Eve, thanks to practical tips and the support of Bach flower remedies for animals.

1. Secure the Environment: The Survival Instinct

The first rule is to limit your pet's exposure to stressful stimuli such as noise and light, namely:

_ Secure confinement: Never leave your pet in the garden, even if it is fenced. A terrified dog can jump over impressive obstacles when panicked. Keep it indoors as soon as night falls.

_ Soundproofing: Close shutters and curtains to block out flashing lights. Play background noise (classical music, television, or radio) to mask external sounds.

_ The safe haven: Let your pet hide under a bed or in a wardrobe if they wish. Don't force them out of their hiding place; it's where they feel safest.

2. Bach Flower Remedies for Animals: The Natural Anti-Panic Solution

Flower remedies for animals (Bach flower remedies) are excellent allies for calming an animal's emotional state without chemically sedating them. Specifically:

_ The RESCUE complex (animal emergency remedy): This is essential. Give 4 drops (alcohol-free version) a few hours before midnight, then every 15 minutes if panic increases.

_ Mimulus (Mimeule): Ideal for animals with a known fear of loud noises.

_ Rock Rose (Helianthemum): To manage pure terror and paralyzing panic attacks.

_ Aspen: For the apprehension and restlessness that often precede the start of festivities.

Safety reminder: For your dogs and cats, it is essential to use alcohol-free Bach flower remedies formulated with vegetable glycerin, available from professional animal naturopaths.

3. Pro Tips for Soothing Animal Stress

In addition to flower essences for animals, here are some techniques recommended by animal behaviorists:

_ Stay calm: Your pet is an emotional sponge. If you panic or become overprotective, you confirm that the danger is real. Act normally and calmly.

_ The bandage trick (Thundershirt): Wrapping the dog's chest with a slightly compressive bandage can help release endorphins and reduce the animal's anxiety.

_ Mental stimulation: Provide a chew toy or a highly palatable licking mat just before the first noises. Licking is a naturally calming activity.

4. Identification: A vital precaution

Despite all precautions, a door may remain ajar. Check that your pet is wearing a collar with your current contact information and that its microchip or visible tattoo is properly registered in the national I-CAD database.

Need personalized advice for your dog, cat, or horse?

If your pet has already experienced noise-related trauma, professional help may be necessary. Some veterinarians can prescribe stronger solutions for severe phobias, and animal behaviorists or naturopaths can help you implement desensitization for the following year.

Looking for a veterinarian? Click the link below:

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Looking for an animal naturopath? Click the link below:

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Available throughout France:

Paris, Marseille, Lyon, Toulon, Nice, 

St Tropez, Cannes, Bastia, Ajaccio, 

Bonifacio, Porto-Vecchio, Calvi, Aix-en-Provence, Arles, Sète, Montpellier, 

Perpignan, Carcassonne, Nîmes, 

Bayonne, Biarritz, Bordeaux, 

Angoulême, Royan, La Rochelle, Poitiers, Clermont-Ferrand, Bourges, Nantes, La Baule, Angers, Le Mans, Laval, Rennes, Guingamp, St Brieuc, Brest, Lorient, Vannes, St Malo, Granville, Caen, Rouen, Le Havre, Lille, Arras, Dijon, Amiens, 

Auxerre, Reims, Versailles, 

Fontainebleau, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Boulogne-Billancourt, Nanterre, Saint-Cloud, Meudon, Issy-les-Moulineaux, Clamart, Courbevoie, Levallois-Perret, Saint-Ouen, Argenteuil, Sartrouville, Maisons-Laffitte, Chatou, Rueil-Malmaison, La Celle-Saint-Cloud, Viroflay, Marly-le-Roi, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Chambourcy, Poissy, Orgeval, Saint-Cyr-l'Ecole, Bois-d'Arcy, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, Villepreux, Elancourt, Plaisir, Maurepas, La Verrière, Coignières, Le Mesnil-Saint-Denis, Dampierre-en-Yvelines, Senilisse, Les Essarts-le-Roi, Le Perray-en-Yvelines, Rambouillet, Clairefontaine-en-Yvelines, Saint-Arnoult-en-Yvelines, Rochefort-en-Yvelines, Dourdan, Marcoussis, Janvry, Les Ulis, Orsay, Gif-sur-Yvette, Palaiseau, Massy, Antony, Montrouge, Paris Orly, Aéoroport Charles de Gaulle, Athis-Mons, Savigny-sur-Orge, Viry-Châtillon, Evry-Courcouronnes, Corbeil-Essonnes, Lieusaint, Savigny-le-Temple, Cesson, Melun, Vaux-le-Vicomte, Dammarie-les-Lys, Brie-Comte-Robert, Créteil, Vitry-sur-Seine, Ivry-sur-Seine, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, Noisy-le-Grand, Montreuil, Bobigny, Bondy, Aulnay-sous-Bois, Livry-Gargan, Villepinte, Tremblay-en-France, Villeparisis, Chelles, Torcy, Bussy-Saint-Georges, Lagny-sur-Marne, Chessy, Coupvray, Serris, Meaux, Gonesse, Sarcelles, Goussainville, Taverny, Franconville, Herblay, Argenteuil, Cergy, Pontoise, Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône, Osny, Saint-Denis, Vincennes, Villejuif,   Strasbourg, Metz, Colmar, Nancy, Besançon, Troyes, Auxerre, Beauvais, Saint-Quentin, Soissons, Compiègne, Château-Thierry, Epernay, Châlons-en-Champagne, Saint-Dizier, Bar-le-Duc, Verdun, Chaumont, Vesoul, Belfort, Montbéliard, Pontarlier, Sarrebourg, Lunéville, Thionville, Charleville-Mézières, Maubeuge, Roubaix, Dunkerque, Calais, Berck, Abbeville, Dieppe, Evreux, Dreux, Chartres, Lisieux, Alençon, Bayeux, Mayenne, Saint-Lô, Granville, Le Mont-Saint-Michel, Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, Coutances, Saint-Malo, Dinan, Ploërmel, Châteaubriant, Saint-Nazaire, Guérande, Concarneau, Quimper, Quimperlé, Guidel, Quiberon, La Trinité-sur-Mer, Carnac, Crozon, Douarnenez, Landerneau, Morlaix, Lannion, Paimpol, Saint-Brieuc, Pontivy, Loudéac, Erquy, Vitré, Rochefort, Saintes, La Rochelle, La Roche-sur-Yon, Limoges, Tours, Niort, Les Sables-d'Olonne, Saint-Jean-de-Monts, Bourges, Orléans, Blois, Cognac, Royan, Vaux-sur-Mer, Saint-Palais-sur-Mer, Saint-Georges-de-Didonne, Soulac-sur-Mer, Libourne, Arcachon, Biscarrosse, Mimizan, Marmande, Mont-de-Marsan, Orthez, Dax, Saint-Jean-de-Luz, Pau, Lourdes, Tarbes, Muret, Montauban, Gaillac, Moissac, Castres, Toulouse, Cahors, Périgueux, Brive-la-Gaillarde, Aurillac, Rodez, Figeac, Albi, Tulle, Vichy, Thiers, Roanne, Montbrison, Vénissieux, Vienne, Saint-Priest, Villeurbanne, Mâcon, Saint-Etienne, Romans-sur-Isère, Valence, Montélimar, Orange, Avignon, Carpentras, Cavaillon, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, Nîmes, Arles, Montpellier, Le Grau-du-Roi, Sète, Béziers, Agde, Perpignan, Argelès-sur-Mer, Narbonne, Carcassonne, Salon-de-Provence, Martigues, Cassis, La Ciotat, Manosque, Hyères, Saint-Tropez, Sainte-Maxime, Ramatuelle, Cogolin, Grimaud, Brignoles, Le Pradet, Six-Fours-les-Plages, Sanary-sur-Mer, La Valette-du-Var, La Garde, Carnoules, Pierrefeu-du-Var, Saint-Raphaël, Fréjus, Le Muy, La Motte, Draguignan, Trans-en-Provence, Le Cannet, Antibes, Saint-Laurent-du-Var, Monaco, Menton, Cap-d'Ail, Beausoleil, Monte-Carlo, Cagnes-sur-Mer, Grasse, Fayence, Grenoble, Gap, Digne-les-Bains, Sisteron, Voiron, Chambéry, Albertville, Aix-les-Bains, Annecy, Villeurbanne, St Etienne, Foix, Guéret, 

01 - Ain - Bourg-en-bresse - 02 - Aisne - Laon - 03 - Allier - Moulins - 04 - Alpes-de-Haute-Provence - Digne-les-bains - 05 - Hautes-alpes - Gap -06 - Alpes-maritimes - Nice - 07 - Ardèche - Privas - 08 - Ardennes - Charleville-mézières - 09 - Ariège - Foix - 10 - Aube - Troyes - 11 - Aude - Carcassonne - 12 - Aveyron - Rodez - 13 - Bouches-du-Rhône - Marseille - 14 - Calvados - Caen - 15 - Cantal - Aurillac - 16 - Charente - Angoulême - 17 - Charente-maritime - La rochelle - 18 - Cher - Bourges - 19 - Corrèze - Tulle - 2A - Corse-du-sud - Ajaccio - 2B - Haute-Corse - Bastia - 21 - Côte-d'Or - Dijon - 22 - Côtes-d'Armor - Saint-brieuc - 23 - Creuse - Guéret - 24 - Dordogne - Périgueux - 25 - Doubs - Besançon - 26 - Drôme - Valence - 27 - Eure - Évreux - 28 - Eure-et-loir - Chartres - 29 - Finistère - Quimper - 30 - Gard - Nîmes - 31 - Haute-garonne - Toulouse - 32 - Gers - Auch - 33 - Gironde - Bordeaux - 34 - Hérault - Montpellier - 35 - Ille-et-vilaine - Rennes - 36 - Indre - Châteauroux - 37 - Indre-et-loire - Tours - 38 - Isère - Grenoble - 39 - Jura - Lons-le-saunier - 40 - Landes - Mont-de-marsan - 41 - Loir-et-cher - Blois - 42 - Loire - Saint-étienne - 43 - Haute-loire - Le puy-en-velay - 44 - Loire-atlantique - Nantes - 45 - Loiret - Orléans - 46 - Lot - Cahors - 47 - Lot-et-garonne - Agen - 48 - Lozère - Mende - 49 - Maine-et-loire - Angers - 50 - Manche - Saint-lô - 51 - Marne - Châlons-en-champagne - 52 - Haute-marne - Chaumont - 53 - Mayenne - Laval - 54 - Meurthe-et-moselle - Nancy - 55 - Meuse - Bar-le-duc - 56 - Morbihan - Vannes - 57 - Moselle - Metz - 58 - Nièvre - Nevers - 59 - Nord - Lille - 60 - Oise - Beauvais - 61 - Orne - Alençon - 62 - Pas-de-calais - Arras - 63 - Puy-de-dôme - Clermont-ferrand - 64 - Pyrénées-atlantiques - Pau - 65 - Hautes-Pyrénées - Tarbes - 66 - Pyrénées-orientales - Perpignan - 67 - Bas-rhin - Strasbourg - 68 - Haut-rhin - Colmar - 69 - Rhône - Lyon - 70 - Haute-saône - Vesoul - 71 - Saône-et-loire - Mâcon - 72 - Sarthe - Le mans - 73 - Savoie - Chambéry - 74 - Haute-savoie - Annecy - 75 - Paris - Paris - 76 - Seine-maritime - Rouen - 77 - Seine-et-marne - Melun - 78 - Yvelines - Versailles - 79 - Deux-sèvres - Niort - 80 - Somme - Amiens - 81 - Tarn - Albi - 82 - Tarn-et-Garonne - Montauban - 83 - Var - Toulon - 84 - Vaucluse - Avignon - 85 - Vendée - La roche-sur-yon - 86 - Vienne - Poitiers - 87 - Haute-vienne - Limoges - 88 - Vosges - Épinal - 89 - Yonne - Auxerre - 90 - Territoire de belfort - Belfort - 91 - Essonne - Évry - 92 - Hauts-de-seine - Nanterre - 93 - Seine-Saint-Denis - Bobigny - 94 - Val-de-marne - Créteil - 95 - Val-d'Oise - Cergy Pontoise - 971 - Guadeloupe - Basse-terre - 972 - Martinique - Fort-de-france - 973 - Guyane - Cayenne - 974 - La réunion - Saint-denis - 976 - Mayotte - Mamoudzou

Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Bretagne, Centre-Val de Loire, Corse, Grand Est, Hauts-de-France, Île-de-France, Normandie, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Occitanie, Pays de la Loire, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur